@article { author = {Alipourmohajer, Sh. and Rashidi, Y. and Atabi, F.}, title = {Verification of IVE Model for SAIPA Co. Fleet Emission}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {235-245}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.256405.431}, abstract = {To determine the amount of air pollutants, produced by Iranian automakers, and compare it with old and retrofitted vehicles have become one of the important tools of urban management. The present research uses International Vehicle Emission (IVE) modeling software in order to verify SAIPA Co. fleet emissions, based on Euro 4 emission standard (SAIPA Co. recognized as a superior Iranian brand in vehicle industry). There has been attempts to determine pollutant emission from Saipa Co.-manufactured cars in the city of Tehran, in accordance with Tehran Driving Cycle along with modeling and lab results which have over 90% conformity with modeling and lab results of New European Driving Cycle. According to ISQI’s 100,000-km test results, the amount of CO2 emission modeling from X100 and Tiba2’s has been about 160 gr/km, which has been within the range, whereas the modeled CO2 emission rate has been 232 gr/km in TDC, i.e., 1.5 times more than laboratory test, due to different driving cycle usage. Significant differences between the values obtained in the emission lab and modeling at New European Driving Cycle, Tehran Driving Cycle, and Tehran Air Quality Control Company report, indicate that relying on hypothetical situation leads to inapplicable emissions value from light vehicles.}, keywords = {Vehicle Industry,Tehran Driving Cycle (TDC),New European Driving Cycle (NEDC),Euro 4 Emission Standard}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69478.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69478_c65d9cb42f3539ad85555380872724a8.pdf} } @article { author = {Yazdanibakhsh, F. and Salehi, E. and Faham, E. and Amin, M. M.}, title = {Influential Factors of Air Pollution Awareness in Isfahan, Iran}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {247-256}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.256967.435}, abstract = {The main objectives of the present study are to both evaluate the level of awareness about air pollution and examine the determinants, likely to affect this awareness. As a result, it discusses influential factors on air pollution awareness, presenting findings from a case study, conducted in the city of Isfahan, Iran, wherein 400 individuals have been selected via proportional random sampling and the data has been collected by means of a questionnaire, provided by the authors, the validity of which has been confirmed by a panel of experts. As for the assessment of the questionnaire’s reliability, this study has used Cronbach's alpha to find out that it has been beyond 0.7 for all variables. The data have been analyzed, using descriptive and inferential statistics, such as the extent of mean, standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results from the latter show that level of education, level of using information sources, membership, motivation, and participation could explain 50% of the variations in the level of awareness concerning air pollution.}, keywords = {Environmental awareness,Air pollution,environmental participation,influence factors}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69479.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69479_be6fec43f8e9fefab26bec3225eb27b7.pdf} } @article { author = {Salmabadi, H. and Saeedi, M.}, title = {Monitoring of SO2 column concentration over Iran using satellite-based observations during 2005-2016}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {257-268}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.260252.463}, abstract = {For the first time, sulfur dioxide concentration was monitored between 2005 and 2016 over Iran which is among the countries with a high SO2 emission rate in the world. To that end, SO2 column concentration at Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) was analyzed. OMI is a sensor onboard the Aura satellite which can measure daily SO2 concentration on the global scale. From OMI maps, 19 notable SO2 hotspots were detected over Iran. The results indicate that the most elevated level of SO2 among these 19 hotspots belong to Khark Island and Asaluye in Bushehr province, southwest of Iran. Annual trend analysis shows that SO2 concentration has been slightly augmented during 2005-2016 over this country. Distribution analysis of SO2 concentration over Iran showed that the most polluted provinces are Bushehr, Khuzestan and Ilam lied in the southwest of Iran. On the contrary, the lowest level of SO2 has observed over northwest of Iran at West and East Azerbaijan and Ardabil provinces. The correlation coefficient between total energy production in Iran and SO2 concentration from 2005 to 2016 is as high as ~0.7. Hence, it can be derived that energy production, most notably production of crude oil, plays a pivotal role in SO2 concentration over Iran.  }, keywords = {Sulfur Dioxide,Iran,Aura,OMI,Trace Gases,GIS}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69480.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69480_aa364e14d60184d5cbb79d9788279ee6.pdf} } @article { author = {Adetitun, D. O. and Fathepure, B. and Hugh, H. and Kolawole, O. M. and Olayemi, A. B.}, title = {Degradation of Hydrocarbons and Lignin-like compounds by Alcaligenes sp. strain 3k isolated from Ilorin}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {269-277}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.264288.505}, abstract = {The primary goal of this study was to isolate hydrocarbon-degrading organisms and assess their ability to bioremediate petroleum-contaminated soil and water. Nigeria is one of the major oil producing countries and petroleum contamination is widespread in agricultural soil. Alcaligenes sp. strain 3k was isolated from a kerosene-polluted soil in Ilorin, Nigeria. We also assessed its ability to degrade plant lignin, as lignin is a complex aromatic heteropolymer commonly found in soil and aquifer environment.  Strain 3k was originally grown on mineral salts medium with kerosene as a sole energy and carbon source. The capacity of the isolate to degrade both aromatic, aliphatic hydrocarbons and lignin-like compounds was tested. Among the tested compounds, the organism utilized kerosene, hexadecane, cyclohexane, phenol and benzoate as the sole sources of carbon. In addition, strain 3k also degraded various lignocellulose compounds as the sole source of carbon.  However, hexane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene were not metabolized. Our study demonstrates that soil organisms like Alcaligenes could play important role in the reclamation of petroleum-contaminated soil and water.  Utilization capacity of lignin as the sole carbon source suggest that these organisms can survive on plant detritus and also have the ability to degrade hydrocarbons upon accidental or deliberate contamination of agricultural soil and water.}, keywords = {Alcaligenes sp,hydrocarbons,lignin-like,aromatics,heteropolymer}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69486.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69486_25d3fa22a75e55eb952ddb2359fb45a9.pdf} } @article { author = {Toledo, J. M. and Gamalo, L. E. and Maligalig, M. D. and Suetos, K. J. and Galapon, M.}, title = {Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy of White Mice Exposed to Methomyl}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {279-286}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.265744.518}, abstract = {Methomyl is an oxime carbamate pesticide that is widely used in the Philippines. This insecticide is known to be an endocrine disrupting chemical and a potent genotoxic in mammalian cells. However, limited studies were conducted specifically on its direct effects on estrous cycle and its teratogenic effect. This study aimed to (a) assess the effect of methomyl on the body weight and on the estrous cycle of mice, and; (b) examine the teratogenic effect of methomyl on the progeny of the female albino mice. Five week-old experimental mice in three treatment setups were used in the study for both independent experiments. The treatment schedule for pregnant mice was administered during organogenesis (day 6 to 15 of gestation). Results showed that the average gained weight of the mice of both high dose (HD) and low dose (LD) groups were lower as compared to the average gained weight of the control group but did not show any statistical significant differences (p=0.562). For the experiment 1, methomyl significantly (p=0.013) affect the estrous cycle of the mouse especially in LD group. For experiment 2, results revealed that there was a significant difference among the treatment set-ups (p=0.0001) in terms of fetal morphometric measurement. Furthermore, abnormality and high number of resorption was also observed in both LD and HD treatment groups. Therefore, methomyl significantly affect the body weight, estrous cycle and fetal morphometry. This further confirm that methomyl is an endocrine disrupting and genotoxic chemical that affects the estrous cycle and causes teratogenic effect.}, keywords = {Morphology,pesticide,Philippines,teratogenic}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69487.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69487_e4ff6d2533ca0658913bce20f71aecb6.pdf} } @article { author = {Hussein, H. M. and Ayub, S. and Siddiqui, A. A.}, title = {Liquid Effluent Discharge and Control Management of Surrounding Soil}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {287-300}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.266690.525}, abstract = {The effluent generated from a thermal power plant waste is a mixture of several chemicals and to identify the effect of these chemicals on soil, a case study on naturally contaminated sites at Al-Musayyib region, Hilla city in Iraq has been carried out. Soil and water samples were collected from the sites and analyzed to identify the pollutants and their effect on soil characteristics. Laboratory experiments were formulated to model the field around a channel collecting effluent for about 20 years and the pollutant transport pattern through the soil using soaking process was studied. Experiments were also conducted to study the effect of pollutants on engineering properties of the soil. For environmental management, permeable reactive barriers are used as stabilization and solidification technology to control the pollution through the soil. In this study, the suitability of locally available materials like activated granular carbon was also investigated as reactive media in permeable reactive barrier. The results have shown higher change in geo-environmental properties of soil with the soaking period and it has also been proved that granular carbon improves the geo-environmental properties of polluted soil.}, keywords = {contaminated soil,soaking period,thermal power plant,granular carbon}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69491.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69491_eb52ec8c3ba2a7e50575db22ea5c70b6.pdf} } @article { author = {Adeniyi, M. O. and Nymphas, E. F. and Oladiran, E. O.}, title = {Simulating the Influence of Greenhouse Gases on the Climate of West Africa}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {301-312}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.266785.526}, abstract = {The response of climate to perturbations in GHGs is location dependent. Six experiments: control (CTRL); double CH4; double CO2; double N2O; halved CFC11 and halved CFC12 were carried out to reveal the local area response to different GHGs levels in the atmosphere over West Africa. Double CH4, CO2 and N2O generally induce wetness but they also induce localized dryness at the hilly and mountainous areas of SW Ghana, Central Nigeria, Northern Cameroon and South-eastern Central African Republic. Increase in ground temperature is induced by double GHGs with intensified warming at the north by double CO2. However, patches of cooling are induced at the north. Changes in specific humidity induced by double CO2, CH4 and N2O are similar. Intensified tropical easterly jet is induced by double GHGs. A dipole anomaly of wind with positive at the lower latitude and negative at higher latitude is induced at the northern part of West Africa. Significant reduction in cloud water content is induced from 900 to 400 hPa and 0 and 15oN.}, keywords = {Cooling,warming, induced dryness,induced wetness}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69492.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69492_eb1590fc814cbe1361e09ed1bd869981.pdf} } @article { author = {B. P., Naveen and R. K., Malik}, title = {Assessment of Contamination Potential of Leachate from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites for Metropolitan Cities in India}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {313-322}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.266991.527}, abstract = {With increased population, rapid industrialization and life style changes, the characteristics and the rates of solid waste generation have gone under drastic change in India. Generally, in India, management of solid waste landfill is of major concern with respect to the existing circumstances. The illegal dumping of municipal solid waste on the outskirts of cities is creating major environmental and public health problems. Improper and unscientific waste management results in potential threats from leachate leakage with subsequent impact on environment (i.e. soil, air and waterbodies) and human being. It is therefore, important to evaluate the contamination potential threat of landfill leachate. This study assesses the potential contamination from the landfill leachate by an index called leachate pollution index (LPI) and suggestions are given the landfill sites of five major cities i.e. Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Navi Mumbai & Kolkata in India. The landfill leachate samples from these sites have been assessed using leachate pollution index for the implementation of appropriate leachate treatment techniques for reducing the adverse effects on the environment. The results show that the Pallikkaranai landfill site for Chennai city and Mavallipura landfill site for Bangalore city are highly deteriorating and may lead to increase in human health risk for nearby dwellings.}, keywords = {Contamination,Dumping,Solid Waste,Landfill,Leachate}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69494.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69494_f020820d7244f2cdbac0450384318e9f.pdf} } @article { author = {Maqbool, A. and X., Xiao and H., Wang and Bian, Z. and Akram, M. W.}, title = {Bioassessment of Heavy Metals in Wheat Crop from Soil and Dust in a Coal Mining Area}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {323-337}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2019.267256.528}, abstract = {Coal mining and related industry can increase heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in soil, atmosphere and wheat, thereby posing metal-associated human health risk via food ingestion.  In this study, 58 samples of soil, wheat, and dust were collected from Xuzhou coal mine eastern China, six kinds of HMs Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, As and Cr were studied for their spatial distribution in wheat, enrichment in different wheat organs (roots, stem leaf, glumes, and grains), pollution level and potential human health risks. Results show that the spatial distribution of HMs in wheat grains were likely to coal while dissimilar to soil.  Most of heavy metals enrichment in wheat organs retained in glume and stem leaf after roots, and followed by grains, indicating that HMs was accumulated more from atmospheric dust as compared to other sources. Meanwhile, 71% of wheat grains were contaminated by HMs comprehensively in Xuzhou coal mine area. The potential health risk indicated that ingestion of food was the main exposure route causing non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for inhabitants. This study provides basic information to control HMs enrichment from atmospheric dust and human health risk management policies in the mining area.}, keywords = {Heavy metals,wheat organs,coal mining,Health risk,atmospheric dust}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69495.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69495_574d9341613cc1fd2e1a940b460f7a6b.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghan Abkenar, Sh. and Hosseini, M. and Sadeghpour Karimi, M. and Ganjali, M. R.}, title = {Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Cerium Vanadate Nanoparticles}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {339-349}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.268208.531}, abstract = {Cerium vanadate nanoparticles (CVNPs) were used as a solid phase adsorbent for removing methylene blue (MB) from aqueous media. The nanoparticles were obtained through a direct precipitation procedure in aqueous solutions, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results proved the product to comprise 25-45 nm particles. Batch adsorption experiments to determine the optimal adsorption conditions and the different factors which influence the adsorption efficiency (i.e. pH, amount of CVNPs, contact time, and the concentration of MB) were also evaluated. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir and freundlich adsorption models.The data were satisfactorily fitted to the Langmuir model and a maximum adsorption capacity of 181.8 mg/g was obtained at pH of 3.0. Further kinetics studies were performed on the parameters. The adsorption of the model dye (MB) was found to reach equilibrium after 10 min, following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Desorption of the dye and recycling potential of the adsorbent was also studied.}, keywords = {Dye removal,Methylene Blue,Cerium vanadate nanoparticles,Adsorption Kinetics}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69496.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69496_2ba7babb0a564f1c088acbad900f4d69.pdf} } @article { author = {Kumar, P. and Gupta, S. B. and -, Anurag and Soni, R.}, title = {Bioremediation of Cadmium by Mixed Indigenous Isolates Serratia liquefaciens BSWC3 and Klebsiella Pneumoniae RpSWC3 Isolated from Industrial and Mining Affected Water Samples}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {351-360}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.268603.533}, abstract = {A total of 58 Cadmium tolerant bacterial isolates were isolated from 26 samples collected from 20 villages/city of different contaminated water samples from industrial and mining affected areas of Chhattisgarh (India). Out of 58 bacterial isolates, 15 bacterial isolates were able to grow in presence of 40 mM cadmium chloride. These fifteen were further screened by biochemical characterization, antibiotic susceptibility and presence of czcA gene. However, finally five selected isolates (BSWC3, RgCWC2, RgUWC1, RpSWC3, KDWC1) were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing belonged to the genus Serratia liquefaciens, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pantoea dispersa and Enterobacter tabaci, respectively. Among these two best culture Serratia liquefaciens BSWC3 and Klebsiella pneumoniae RpSWC3 were testes for their bioremediation efficiency individually as well as in mixed culture. Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer analysis of samples revealed that cadmium (Cd) tolerant bacterial isolates BSWC3, RpSWC3 and Combination of BSWC3 and RpSWC3 were significantly reduce of cadmium concentration i.e. 44.46%, 40% and 50.92%, respectively as compared to control. Therefore, the finding of the present study revealed the use of mixed culture or consortium of indigenous isolates is the better option for bioremediation of heavy metals.}, keywords = {Cadmium Bacteria,Mixed Culture,Water,bioremediation}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69497.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69497_a38f20fdf37ab6e45d742417ea170957.pdf} } @article { author = {Moradzadeh, M. and Ashrafi, k. and Shafiepour-Motlagh, M.}, title = {The Evaluation of Tropospheric Ozone Formation in the Downwind of the South Pars Industrial Zone}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {361-375}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.269218.539}, abstract = {Hydrocarbon Processing Industries (HPIs) emit large amounts of highly reactive hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Oxides to the atmosphere. Such simultaneous emissions of ozone precursors result in rapid and high yields ozone (O3) formation downwind. The climate of the Middle East has been shown to be favorable for O3 formation in summer. There are also vast activities in processing oil and gas in this region. This study aimed to investigate the influence of HPIs located in the Middle East on ozone formation. We chose the South Pars Zone (SPZ) located in the coastal area of the Persian Gulf with concentrated HPIs as a case study. To do this, after developing an emission inventory for O3 precursors, we used OZIPR, a Lagrangian photochemical model, coupled with SAPRC-07 chemical mechanism to describe the effects of HIPs on ozone formation in the SPZ and downwind area from June to August of (2017). Results indicate that the SPZ has a far-reaching and wide-ranging impact on O3 formation in downwind areas and an area at a distance of 300 km can be affected profoundly (Average 0.06 ppm and maximum increase 0.24 ppm). Given the large numbers of HPIs located in the Middle East, we predict that the transport of O3 and its precursors from this region play an important role in the ozone air pollution in a much wider area and the role of these industries should be taken into account for regional and interregional ozone concentration modeling.}, keywords = {Hydrocarbon Industries,Surface Ozone,HRVOCs,Photochemical Model,Middle East Climate}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69498.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69498_60a56a219f6d31baeb49b71cff00e736.pdf} } @article { author = {Tatar, S. and Obek, E. and Arslan Topal, E. I. and Topal, M.}, title = {Uptake of Some Elements with Aquatic Plants Exposed to the Effluent of Wastewater Treatment Plant}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {377-386}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2019.269722.542}, abstract = {In this study, in the removal of macro (P, S, Na, K, Ca, Mg) and micro (Sb, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Mo, Se, Ag, Zn) elements in the effluent of Elazig Wastewater Treatment Plant, the efficiency of Lemna minor L. and Lemna gibba L. has been studied comparatively. For this aim, fronds of these plants have been adapted to the effluent of the treatment plant that feeds pilot scale reactors. The concentrations of elements in fronds harvested during the working period were analyzed by ICP/MS. The analytical results show that Lemna minor L. has a high accumulation potential for P, Sb, Ba, Co, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ag and Zn while Lemna gibba L. has a high accumulation potential for S, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mo and Se. The results show that Lemna minor L. and Lemna gibba L. can be used as phytoremediators of wastewater.}, keywords = {Accumulation,Lemna gibba L,Lemna minor L,Phytoremediation,Wastewater}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69499.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69499_18b1623e491920f8476ea4b2e3a08c7a.pdf} } @article { author = {Eghbal, N. and Nasrabadi, T. and Karbassi, A. R. and Taghavi, L.}, title = {Evaluating the Potential of Plants (leaves) in Removal of Toxic Metals from Urban Soils (Case Study of a District in Tehran City)}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {387-394}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2019.272090.555}, abstract = {Urban soil pollution has become a major concern in megacities around the world. Due to their non-degradable characteristic, toxic metals are among the most notorious pollutants. In this study determination of total and bioavailable fraction of toxic metals Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd, Pb and Mn, in surface soils of district 16th in Tehran municipality is considered. Furthermore, metals uptake potential of a variety of endemic plants is also investigated. Forty one surface soil samples and eleven composite leaf samples were collected within the study area in winter 2015. Except for Cd and Pb, other toxic metals showed generally lower concentrations in comparison with shale and mean earth crust values. Intensified traffic load within the district may be considered as the main reason for such augmented concentrations. The order of bioavailable fraction from total metal concentrations detected to be as: Zn(2.78%) > Cd(2.71%) > Co(1.92%) > Mn(1.79%) > Cu(1.59%) > Pb(.89%) > Ni(.7%) > Cr(.4%). Concentration of different metals in leaf samples revealed that berry, eucalyptus, plane and acacia are more capable in comparison with others in translocating toxic metals from soil. Paying more attention to pollution removal capability of urban plants may play a key role in sustainable municipal management of megacities like Tehran.}, keywords = {Urban soil,Toxic metals,Bioavailable fraction,Translocation factor,Plant leaf}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69500.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69500_d99105e50c37e252aa95db1600bea1d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Soubh, A. M. and Abdoli, M. A. and Baghdadi, M. and Aminzadeh, B.}, title = {Assessment of Converter Sludge from Esfahan Steel Company as a Persulfate Nano-Activator for Permeable Reactive Barriers (Prbs) in Landfill Leachate Treatment}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {395-409}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.258975.449}, abstract = {The present research studies the performance of Converter Sludge (CL)as a nano-activator of persulfate (PS) in Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) as an in-situ technology for leachate treatment.In batch experiments, the acidic conditions (pH = 3) have been the most suitable for removal operations, where COD and NH3 removal efficiencies are 69.15% and 60.96%, respectively. The Box–Behnken design (BBD) has been employed to optimize three parameters, namely PS/ COD ratio, CS dose, and pore volume (PV), using COD and NH3 of leachate landfill as the target pollutant. The BBD is considered a satisfactory model to optimize the process. Under optimal conditions (PS/COD ratio: 3.47, CS dose: 3.09 g L-1,and PV: 4.27), the measured values of the COD and NH3 removal efficiencies have been 74.2 and 66.8, respectively, all within the 95%-prediction intervals, which indicate the model’s success in predicting removal values. The biodegradability (BOD5/COD) of the real leachate has been enhanced from 0.25 to 0.77, with the toxicity of real leachate getting decreased by more than 90%.}, keywords = {COD,NH3,Removal,Box–Behnken design,BOD5/COD,Toxicity}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69501.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69501_99b5a8d7369d496e4043d5f6cf5b5676.pdf} } @article { author = {Daryabeigi Zand, A. and Rabiee Abyaneh, M. and Hoveidi, H.}, title = {Capability of Reused Waste from Aluminum Industry (Red Mud) in Iran to Improve Compressive Strength of Loose Soil}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {411-418}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.261145.472}, abstract = {Jajarm Alumina Plant, the only Alumina powder producer in Iran, generates 500,000 tons of red mud annually. The commonest method for final disposal of red mud in Iran is Tailing dam which is neither cost-effective nor environmentally-friendly. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the possibility of red mud recovery to be used for stabilization of loose soils. Red mud samples have been collected from tailing dam of Jajarm Alumina Plant to be characterized, using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The soil stabilizer has been made by mixing red mud, steel slag, sodium metasilicate, and sodium hydroxide. In order to study the effect of soil stabilizer, five soil samples have been prepared which contain clay, sand, and wind-blown sand ranging from zero to 4 millimeters. Findings show that adding soil stabilizer with red mud significantly enhances compressive strength of soil samples (4.2, 18.2, 5.4, 4, and 4.1 in S1 to S5 samples, respectively). Also the results demonstrate that the red mud, produced from Aluminum industry in Iran, might be successfully used to stabilize loose soils, thereby enhancing their compressive characteristics, reducing environmental issues associated with uncontrolled disposal of such wastes as well as promoting integrated solid waste management strategies.}, keywords = {waste management,aluminum industry,red mud,compressive strength,Soil Stabilization}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69543.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69543_0546aea0e09696f67efaac4505944841.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmudi, M. and Hashemi, S. H. and Salemi, A.}, title = {A Multi-Metric Index for Hydrocarbons Source Apportionment}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {419-427}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.259533.457}, abstract = {Several studies have been conducted to develop more accurate and precise indices for hydrocarbons source apportionment. The present study, however, develops a new multi-metric index for hydrocarbons source apportionment. It measures Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration at six stations with well known petrogenic origin, calculating Phe/An, Flu/Py, Chr/BaA, BaA/Chr, An/(An+Ph), Flu/(Flu+Pyr), and IP/(IP+Bghi) indices. All the indices could correctly determine the source of hydrocarbons, except for IP/(IP+Bghi). Subsequently, it uses principle component analysis method to create a combined multi-metric index, based on PAHs, the concentration of which also contributes to the evaluation of new index performance in stations with known origins. Results show that the new multi-metric index can determine the source of hydrocarbons with greater certainty. Then, using this index, the potential source of contamination in the area has been divided into six sections, namely HPY, MPY, LPY, MPE, HPE, and LPE, which indicate origin of high, moderate, and low risk of petrogenic contamination, as well as source of pyrolytic contamination with high, moderate, and low probabilities.}, keywords = {Multi-Metric Index,Source Apportionment,Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon,Petrogenic and Pyrolitic Source}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69546.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69546_8504c98800f34a2fe0011eedf39b5dc6.pdf} } @article { author = {Feyzinejad, M. and Malakooti, H. and Sadrinasab, M. and Ghader, S.}, title = {Radiological dose Assessment by Means of a Coupled WRF-HYSPLIT Model under Normal Operation of Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant}, journal = {Pollution}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {429-448}, year = {2019}, publisher = {University of Tehran}, issn = {2383-451X}, eissn = {2383-4501}, doi = {10.22059/poll.2018.255275.428}, abstract = {In the present work WRF model is used to generate meteorological fields for the HYSPLIT dispersion model. Sensitivity and validation of the WRF model, is conducted by utilizing different combinations of physical parameterization schemes. For this purpose, eight different configurations are examined. Assessment of the predictions of the WRF model is carried out by computing the statistical parameters including correlation coefficient (CC) and root mean square error (RMSE). As an example of the results of the WRF model utilizing proper physical configuration at Bousher syoptic station at 03/01/2005 leads to CC=0.82007 and RMSE=1.91783 for wind speed parameter. Once the proper configuration of the WRF model is obtained, dispersion simulations and annual effective dose for adult age group are carried out by WRF-HYSPLIT coupled model under normal conditions for Bushehr power plant. Simulated annual effective dose for adult age group by the coupled model for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 are 5.8E-08 Sv/yr, 6.7E-08 Sv/yr and 1.1E-07 Sv/yr respectively. Results show that simulation and prediction of effective dose with coupled WRF-HYSPLIT model are in good agreement with observations and indicates the validity of the simulations. The ratio of predicted annual effective dose to dose limit (1E-04 Sv/yr) for normal operation is obtained less than 0.2 percent (}, keywords = {dose calculations,atmospheric dispersion,simulation}, url = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69560.html}, eprint = {https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_69560_d01a2ad89abed4ce50b93ad927060d39.pdf} }