University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Hematological responses of Goldfish (Carassiusauratus) to different acute concentrations of Silver Sulfate as a toxicant
247
256
EN
Safoura
Abarghoei
Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Goran, Iran
sabarghoei67@gmail.com
Seyed Aliakbar
Hedayati
Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Goran, Iran
hedayati@gau.ac.ir
Hamed
Ghafari Farsani
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
hamed_ghafari@ut.ac.ir
Mohammad Hasan
Gerami
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
m.h.gerami@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.001
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of silver sulfate (AgSO4) as a toxicant in goldfish (Carassiusauratus). One hundred and forty-seven live specimens of C. auratus were obtained and exposed to 1, 10, 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm of AgSO4for 96 hours. There was one control group (no AgSO4) and three replicates. The physicochemical properties of water and the following parameters were constant: pH: 7.56±0.45 (TS1); temperature: 19±1°C; hardness: 293±2.35 ppm and dissolved oxygen: 8.80 ±0.06 mg L-1 (DO-5510). LC1, LC10, LC30, LC50, LC70, LC90 and LC99 were calculated in 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. For assessing the impact ofAgSO4 on physiological responses of goldfish hematological indices, blood glucose and cortisol levels were measured. Results showed that LC50 96-h of AgSO4 for goldfish was 687.81 ppm. In addition, the use of AgSO4induces a significant decrease in MCHE after 48 hours, MCV and MCH after 96 hours and lymphocyte after 96 hours in contrast to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, increased lymphocyte was significant after 24 hours exposure (P<0.05). In addition, glucose increased significantly at P<0.05 with time increase24 hours after experiment but this (). In conclusion, the study showed that acute toxicity of AgSO4induced hematological alterations in goldfish and offers a tool for the evaluation oftoxicity-derived alterations.
Carassiusauratus,hematological parameters,silver sulfate,Stress response,Toxicity
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53927.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53927_d769a21e8cd11d25122f7de20b691a7c.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Speciation of four heavy metals in agricultural soils around DraaLasfarmine area in Marrakech (Morocco)
257
264
EN
Barkouch
Yassir
0000-0003-0683-9141
Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d’hygiène Industrielle, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035, Nantes Cedex, France
yassirbark@yahoo.fr
Pineau
Alain
Laboratoire Régional du diagnostic épidémiologique et d’hygiène du milieu, Rue AbdelouahabDerraq ,Marrakech , Maroc
alpineau49@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.002
This study was carried out to 1. determine spatial variations of heavy metal deposition in agricultural soils of two rural communities (OuledBouAicha and Tazakourte) of about 5790 ha in a mining area near Marrakech city in Morocco; 2. to assess the extent of metallic pollution generated by the mining activity and; 3. to identify the key mechanism responsible for this contamination and its relation to mining activity. Soil pollution assessment was carried out on one hand by measurement of the total metal concentration and on the other hand by studying four heavy metals speciation of the studied soils. The chemical forms of four heavy metals in soils around DraaLasfar mine were studied by determining soil Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn species using standard solvent extraction and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric techniques. The chemical pools of the metals indicated that the metals were distributed into six fractions with most of them residing in the non-residual fractions thus suggesting how readily the metals are released into the environment. Considering that the metals occur in the most available forms, we suggested that it is most likely that the metals must have been derived from anthropogenic sources especially from the mining activity in the studied region.
heavy metal contamination,Mining activity,Sequential extraction,soils and tailings,speciation
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53928.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53928_4f0b5176eb5fe8fe017c1ff9e97c20fa.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Assessing environmental contamination of River Ganga using correlation and multivariate analysis
265
273
EN
Rakesh
Bhutiani
Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, India
rbhutani@gkv.ac.in
D.R.
Khanna
Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, India
drkhanna2002@gmail.com
Bharti
Tyagi
Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, India
rbhutiani@gmail.com
Prashant
Tyagi
Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, India
rbhutiani@rediffmail.com
Dipali
Kulkarni
Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, India
dipalikulkarni7@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.003
The aim of this study was to assess the environmental impact of socio-cultural practices on the water quality of River Ganga at the foothills of the Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand State, India. The physico-chemical parameters that contributed to the temporal variation and pollution in the river were identified in this study. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Cluster analysis (CA) were used in the identification of anthropogenic factors (industrial, urban sewage, agricultural, land use and mining activities) and natural factors (soil erosion, weathering). The results of this study show that total coliform, fecal coliform, nitrate, sodium, phosphate, sulphate, TDS (Total dissolved solids), temperature, BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand), calcium and chloride are parameters significantly contributing to pollution load.
Cluster Analysis,Ganga River,Principal component analysis,Water quality
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53929.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53929_11dcfe99c31134e6516621abb9db53c3.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Development of a new low-cost procedure for wind farm maintenance with a view to decrease soil pollution
275
285
EN
Angel M.
Costa
Universidade da Coruña. Escuela Técnica Superior de N. y M. Departamento de Energía y P. M. Paseo de Ronda, 51, 15011. A Coruña, España
r.rowshan@yahoo.com
Feliciano
Fraguela
Universidade da Coruña. Escuela Técnica Superior de N. y M. Departamento de Energía y P. M. Paseo de Ronda, 51, 15011. A Coruña, España
ghr.roshan@gu.ac.ir
José A.
Orosa
Universidade da Coruña. Escuela Técnica Superior de N. y M. Departamento de Energía y P. M. Paseo de Ronda, 51, 15011. A Coruña, España
jaorosa@udc.es
Gholamreza
Roshan
Department of Geography, Golestan University, Shahid Beheshti 49138-15759, Gorgan, Iran
ghr.rowshan@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.004
The purpose of this article is to present the development of a wind farm, with a condition monitoring system (CMS) based on control charts as the algorithm, centred on a new index, to prevent soil pollution by oil spills in wind farms. To this end, temperature sensors can be considered as one of the more significant sensors to be employed in this study, because the information obtained with regard to anemometers and electrical power output counters can be employed by the control system. As a result, among the other variables, oil temperatures sampled in multipliers used in the wind turbines of a real wind farm were employed. Statistical analyzes were developed and the relationship between wind farm maintenance (usually related to wind farm oil spills) and oil temperature was obtained. Furthermore, a practical case study, centered in the statistical process control, based on the low-cost sample variable was developed and showed that this new procedure would improve deficiencies in the maintenance process, thus, reducing the failure detection time under low sensor cost, as also the related soil pollution.
applied probability,decision analysis,oil spill,maintenance,wind warm
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53930.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53930_ebd1298b3e8e080fab35d3a6f465902d.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Isolation and molecular characterization of bacteria to heavy metals isolated from soil samples in Bokaro Coal Mines, India
287
295
EN
Vikram
Gandhi
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
vikrampal@cub.ac.in
Anshu
Priya
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
anshu.priya@cub.ac.in
Suman
Priya
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
sumanpriya@cub.ac.in
Vivek
Daiya
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
vivek.nirankari89@gmail.com
Jitendra
Kesari
Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bhavnagar, 364 002 Gujarat, India
jatin.mbt@gmail.com
Krishna
Prakash
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
krishna@cub.ac.in
Amrit
Kumar Jha
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi 834 006, Jharkhand, India
amritjha@indiatimes.com
Kundan
Kumar
Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa-403726, India
kundan@goa.bits-pilani.ac.in
Nitish
Kumar
Centre of Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna 800014, Bihar, India
nitishbt1@rediffmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.005
In recent years, environmental pollution by coal mining is a long-established human activity affecting all levels of life with various environmental impacts by generating heavy metals. The presence of heavy metals even in trace amount is toxic and detrimental to all living organisms. The coal mine area in Bokaro is one of the “Toxic Hotspot” in India. Bacteria have evolved uptake and efflux mechanisms to adapt in heavy metals contaminated environments and thus represent a potential source for bioremediation processes. In the present study, we isolated and characterized eight heavy metal resistant bacteria (NK-1 to 8) from soil sample in Bokaro coal mines, India. Isolates were selected based on high level of heavy metal resistance and its biochemical characterization. The following bacteria were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing Enterobacter ludwigii (KM029957; NK-1), Klebsiella pneumonia (KM029958; NK-2), Enterobacter ludwigii (KM029959; NK-3), Enterobacter ludwigii (KM029960; NK-4), Klebsiella oxytoca (KM029961; NK-5), Enterobacter cloacae (KM029962; NK-6), Acinetobacter gyllenbergii (KM029963; NK-7), Enterobacter cloacae (KM029964; NK-8). A high degree of metal resistance associated with multiple antibiotic resistances was also detected in the selected isolate which was confirmed by the presence of plasmid. These isolates can further be used for bioremediation of heavy metals from contaminated site.
bioremediation,Coal Mine,environment,Heavy metals,16S rDNA
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53931.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53931_861decdaa95725bd903d6852fd3261c8.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Effect of a thermal power plant waste fly ash on leguminous and non-leguminous leafy vegetables in extracting maximum benefits from P and K fertilization
297
304
EN
Akhtar
Inam
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Women’s College Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P), India
akhtarinam01@gmail.com
Seema
Sahay
Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Environmental Botany Section, Department of Botany Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P), India
sahayseema47@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.006
Although the Indian population is largely vegetarian, not much attention has been given to the cultivation of vegetables, as compared to other crops like cereals, pulses and oil seeds. Therefore, the present study was conducted on two leafy vegetables, spinach (Spanacia oleracea L.) and methi (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) commonly grown in Aligarh, as the two popular vegetables of Indian diet. The study was conducted for two successive years and during the first year, phosphorus and fly ash interactions with a uniform dose of nitrogen and potassium on both vegetables was observed. During the second year, while keeping nitrogen and phosphorus uniform, potassium and fly ash combinations were studied again with both vegetables, to determine the optimum dose of inorganic fertilizers and fly ash combination. It was observed that fly ash applied at the rate of 15 t ha-1 along with N40P15K20, proved optimum for spinach while in the case of methi, N20P30K40 + FA10 was sufficient. Therefore, both vegetables can safely be grown with 10 to 15 t ha-1 of fly ash and a comparatively lower quantity of NPK.
fly ash,methi,nitrogen,Phosphorus,potassium,Spinach,thermal power plant
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53932.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53932_c20dd94efea49afdb0ff09e79a1f36a1.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Natural radioactivity in virgin and agricultural soil and its environmental implications in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
305
313
EN
Nisar
Ahmad
School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
ahmadnisar31@gmail.com
Mohamad
Jaafar
School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
msj@usm.my
Mohammed
Alsaffar
School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
alsaffarms@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.007
A study on natural radioactivity in virgin and agricultural soil samples collected from Sungai Petani was conducted using high-purity germanium. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in virgin soils were 51.06±5.83, 78.44±6.42, and 125.66±7.26 Bq kg−1, respectively, while those in agricultural soils were 80.63±5.78, 116.87±7.87, and 200.66±18.24 Bq kg−1, respectively. The corresponding activity concentrations in agricultural soils were higher than those in virgin soils and those reported for other countries of the world. The average values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), outdoor annual effective doses (Eout), and indoor annual effective doses (Ein) in agricultural soils were 258.38 Ba kg−1, 0.708, 0.925, 0.162 mSv y−1, and 0.669 mSv y−1, respectively. The average values of outdoor external dose (Dout) and indoor absorbed dose (Din) rate in agricultural soils were 116.04 and 218.46 nGy h−1, respectively, which were higher than the permissible limit. Soil with Hex and Hin less than unity are suitable for use as building materials and in agriculture.
HPGe,natural radioactivity,radiological hazard,soil
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53933.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53933_e334513d4db5c65a70d52a915609257c.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Radioactivity analysis in underground drinking water sources in Niger State University of Nigeria
315
324
EN
Raymond
Njinga
Physics Department, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
njingaraymond@yahoo.co.uk
Viva
Ibrahim
Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
yakubviva@yahoo.com
Ibiale
Ishoryiyi
Physics Department, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
raylexy@yahoo.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.008
The activity concentration of gross alpha and gross beta particles in four samples of borehole drinking water consumed in Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University (IBBU), Lapai, Niger State-Nigeria was measured, using a portable single channel gas free proportional counter (MPC2000B-DP) detector. This study focused on cancer related problems and the bio-data of the environment was discussed as well as the radiological effect of the water on consumers. Higher concentration of alpha and beta were observed in Hostel block A (DD) with values of 0.085 0.024 and 11.229 0.901 BqL-1, respectively. However, lower concentration of alpha and beta particles were observed in the Faculty of Management Science (AA) with values of 0.006 0.005 and 0.001 0.276 BqL-1, respectively. Out of the four sampling sites studied, only the Faculty of Management Science fall below the guideline levels of gross alpha (0.5 BqL-1) and gross beta (1.0 BqL-1) in drinking water, established by the World Health Organization. These results show that, consumption of groundwater from the other three major borehole sources, may pose significant radiological health hazards to the population.
Activity concentration,gross alpha,gross beta,groundwater,radiological health hazards
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53934.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53934_09842aec7eccd81ba83ec62107028822.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Assessment of indoor cancer linked to accumulated radiation dose from different types of television sets in dwellings
325
332
EN
Raymond
Njinga
Department of Physics, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
njingaraymond@yahoo.co.uk
Sameul
Mamman
Department of Physics, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
rlnjinga@gmail.com
10.7508/pj.2015.03.009
Exposure to radiation from different types of television sets was measured to ascertain the levels of hazards posed to the human biological system. Measurement of the annual radiation dose hazards was performed using a halogen-quenched GM tube with thin mica end window having a density of 1.5 mg/cm2, effective window diameter of 0.360 inch and side wall of 0.012 inch thick. The GM tube was placed for 180 minutes and the sensor faced the screens of the various TV sets, one meter apart. The annual radiation dose ranged from 0.012 ± 0.006 mSv/yr for plasma-SONY to 0.13 ± 0.012 mSv/yr for SHARP and SAMSUNG 24 inch TV sets, containing cathode ray tubes. The annual doses from the 15 and 24 inch-LG TVs (manufactured with cathode ray tubes) were relatively low, with values of 0.031 ± 0.017 and 0.035 ± 0.005 mSv/yr, respectively. The 21 inch THERMOCOOL and PROTECH (with cathode ray tubes), produced annual doses of 0.110 ± 0.052 Sv/yr and 0.063 ± 0.002 mSv/yr, respectively. This provides an insight into the amount of radiation generated by different TV sets in households, on an annual basis. After some years of exposure to TV radiation, health complications such as carcinogenesis or other adverse cellular events may occur, due to cumulated (but does not always) doses which may result in DNA damage, to the human biological system.
annual radiation dose,cathode ray tubes,health hazards,ionizing radiation
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53935.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53935_d1050b9b16462a8716636a00b81037c4.pdf
University of Tehran
Pollution
2383-451X
2383-4501
1
3
2015
07
01
Vulnerability assessment of surface water quality with an innovative integrated multi-parameter water quality index (IMWQI)
333
346
EN
Md.
Sikder
1Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;
2 Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
sikder@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
Shunitz
Tanaka
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
shunitz@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
Takeshi
Saito
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
taksaito@med.hokudai.ac.jp
Toshiyuki
Hosokawa
Research Division for Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
thoso@high.hokudai.ac.jp
Sulmin
Gumiri
Agricultural Faculty of the University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
sulmingumiri@yahoo.com
Ardianor
Ardianor
University of PalangkaRaya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia
ardianor@gmail.com
Md.
Uddin
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
bses3118@gmail.com
Shafi
Tareq
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
smtareq@yahoo.com
Mashura
Shammi
0000-0001-5449-4761
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
mashura926@gmail.com
AK
Kamal
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
emon_ju_env@yahoo.com
Masaaki
Kurasaki
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
kura@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
10.7508/pj.2015.03.010
The development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, restoration and protection of stream water quality. Quantifying water pollution in specific grade using dominant parameters is important, as this can explain the current state of water pollution with accuracy. As a result, an integrated multi-parameter water quality index has been developed. It is based on the 10 most prevailing parameters (pH, conductivity, nitrate ions, phosphate ions, Escherichia coli number, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper and manganese) with a scale of 1 to 4, wherein the grades are classified into 1: good; 1.1-1.5: slightly polluted; 1.6-2.0: moderately polluted; 2.1-2.9: heavily polluted and 3.0-4.0: gravely polluted. The measuring stick used was according to the 2011 background values of the World Health Organization (WHO) in which a value of 0.1 was attributed for each, so that the final grade can be calculated. Water quality data were successfully fitted in an integrated multi-parameter water quality index to measure the river water level of pollution, and effectively represented every water bodies. This innovative index is able to quantify pollution with respect to seasons, geography and geomorphology of the respective rivers. Although operative, this index still lacks scientific integrity and as such, more synoptic experiments in the rivers of developing countries are recommended to attain a pragmatic feature.
parameters,water pollution,Water quality,Water quality index
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53936.html
https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_53936_6f19c60b4971c9b00979a1fe3348d934.pdf