University Of Tehran Press Pollution 2383-451X 11 3 2025 07 01 Magnesium, Zinc, and Iron Co-doped Titanium Dioxide: A Novel Visible-Light Sonophotocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange 781 793 100999 10.22059/poll.2025.383239.2586 EN Helia Hassanzadeh Bavojdan Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Mohammad Ghorbanpour Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 0000-0001-8441-1541 Roghaieh Shahriari Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2024 10 04 This study reports the successful synthesis of Mg, Fe, and Zn Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles via a rapid heating technique, exhibiting enhanced sono-photocatalytic activity under both visible and UV light irradiation. Various characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-DRS), were employed to assess the produced materials. The codoping process led to a significant reduction in the band-gap energy from 3.16 eV to 2.60 eV, facilitating the absorption of visible light and improving the generation of reactive oxygen species. The sono-photocatalytic activity of the Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles was evaluated by degrading methyl orange solutions, achieving a remarkable degradation efficiency of 48.7% under visible light and 60.1% under UV light. The combined effect of ultrasound and light irradiation synergistically boosted the photocatalytic activity, outperforming each method individually. The Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles demonstrated a higher efficiency compared to previous investigations, highlighting their potential as a novel visible-light sonophotocatalyst for environmental remediation applications. https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_100999_6faabe3927929719a6063a31774030c4.pdf