University Of Tehran Press Pollution 2383-451X 12 1 2026 01 01 Review of Influential Elements in nearly-Zero Energy Temporary Buildings from Energy, Building Envelope, and Fenestration Perspectives 71 86 105140 10.22059/poll.2025.394305.2905 EN Morteza Asghari School of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Mehrpooya School of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Hamid Yazdani Head of Energy Saving Committee, National Construction Regulation Office, Tehran, Iran Alibakhsh Kasaeian School of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Ganjali Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2025 04 29 Buildings serve as essential shelters, providing safety and comfort for people. factors such as conflicts, natural disasters, urbanization, and economic instability contribute to homelessness. Additionally, Temporary buildings, with their rapid construction, sustainability, modularity, and portability, used in remote area, cost-effectiveness, play a critical role in addressing this situation. Temporary buildings include shipping containers, prefabricated building, container house or building, Industrial Building, and Lightweight Steel Frames. Building sector consume a significant share of global energy for construction and operation so making energy-efficient building performance a critical focus in energy policies. Consequently, the United States Department of Energy and the European Union have introduced the concept of nearly-Zero Energy Buildings (nZEBs). This literature review provides a comprehensive technical insight into the parameters of nZEBs, specifically focusing on temporary buildings. Accordingly, climate considerations, envelope, ventilation as a part of HVAC, and lighting are introduced to reduce energy requirements. Research was analyzed reveals that in climates, optimizing the building envelope with technologies like Thermal Insulation Layers (TILs) and Phase Change Materials (PCMs) as essential strategies for enhancing energy efficiency and most of them used EnergyPlus or DesignBuilder software. https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_105140_6df1a5970197d1429e27bc10844766fd.pdf