University Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Effect of Barley and Oat Plants on Phytoremediation of Petroleum Polluted Soils6957037882210.22059/poll.2020.297258.746ENM.BaratiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Shahid Rajaee, Shiraz Branch,
Technical and Vocational University, Shiraz, IranS.SafarzadehDepartment of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranD.MowlaChemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, School of Engineering,
Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranF.BakhtiariDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,
Kerman, IranJournal Article20200204Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) are one of the most dangerous<br />organic contaminants in the environment. Therefore, the remediation of the oilcontaminated<br />soil is necessary. The growth of barley and oat plant was studied in the<br />contaminated soils (4, 6, 8% TPHs) during 5 months. Plant height, wet and dry weight of<br />shoots and roots of both plants were measured. Results showed that oat and barley height,<br />wet and dry weight of shoots and roots decreased with increasing contamination levels.<br />Regardless of the plants species, the highest rate of TPH reduction was observed in soil<br />with 4% contamination and decreased with increasing the contamination level. The TPHs<br />concentration in the rhizosphere of barley and oat decreased by 29.66 and 24.04% at the<br />6% TPHs level and by 21.24 and 17.48% at the 8% TPHs level, respectively. Cultivation<br />of barley and oat plants significantly accelerated the biodegradation of hydrocarbons and<br />reduced TPHs content in soil as compared to unplanted soil.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78822_8978a05e94c3bb4fb3387a02aad4a89a.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Emissions and Fuel Life Cycle Assessment of Non-passenger Diesel Vehicles in Qatar7057237882510.22059/poll.2020.300625.778ENH.Al-ThaniDivision of Sustainable Development (DSD), College of Science and Engineering (CSE), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) / Qatar Foundation (QF), P.O. Box 5825, Doha, QatarS.Al-GhamdiDivision of Sustainable Development (DSD), College of Science and Engineering (CSE), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) / Qatar Foundation (QF), P.O. Box 5825, Doha, QatarM.KocDivision of Sustainable Development (DSD), College of Science and Engineering (CSE), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) / Qatar Foundation (QF), P.O. Box 5825, Doha, QatarR. J.IsaifanDivision of Sustainable Development (DSD), College of Science and Engineering (CSE), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU) / Qatar Foundation (QF), P.O. Box 5825, Doha, QatarJournal Article20200408The life cycle of diesel fuel in non-passenger vehicles was assessed for all registered vehicles in Qatar as of November 2017. The Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation (GREET) model was used as a source of normalized data to evaluate diesel fuel emissions for all non-passenger vehicle categories. This work aims at estimating the emissions from all non-passenger diesel vehicles in Qatar and evaluating the impact of the fuel life cycle assessment. The emissions of CO2, NOx, CO, SO2, VOC, black carbon (BC), organic carbon, fine particulates PM2.5, and coarse particulates PM10 were evaluated. SO2 emissions were found to be dominant during the well to pump (WTP) stage of the life cycle assessment (LCA) process, while the pump to wheel (PTW) stage was found to be dominated by CO, VOC, PM10, PM2.5, and BC emissions. NOx and organic carbon emissions were virtually the same during both stages. Total greenhouse gas emissions amounted to 5367 kt of CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq) in 2017 as compared with that in 2014 (5277 kt), the only reported value in Qatar for transportation emissions. In addition, several mitigation strategies are proposed to ensure sustainability in the transport sector and to minimize the negative impact of diesel fuel emissions in the country.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78825_3b74e36c8bbdacc81d0df5ab819195df.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Performance and emission characteristics of the diesel engine running on neem (Azadirachta indica) biodiesel with effect of exhaust gas recirculation at optimum injection strategies7257357882710.22059/poll.2020.300881.781ENY.SinghMechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, P.O. Box 248002, Uttarakhand, IndiaA.SinglaMechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, P.O. Box 248007, Uttarakhand, IndiaA.SharmaMechanical Engineering, G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, P.O. Box 201306, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaN. K.SinghMechanical Engineering, Hindustan College of Science and Technology, Mathura, P.O. Box 281122, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaJournal Article20200412Environmental pollution and strict emission norms are promoting researchers to explore the methods for reducing pollution and provide optimum solution. By considering these situation as the baseline, study was conducted to analyse the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on performance and emission of the DI diesel engine. The effects of Injection Timings (IT), split injection and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on performance, emission characteristics of diesel engine fuelled neem biodiesel blends are investigated. Initially experiments are conducted with diesel, NB5, NB10 with original injection timing of 23° bTDC with direct injection and are considered as base reading. The fuel injection is optimized (at 19° bTDC and 16% split injection) and the effect of EGR rate at this optimized condition is analysed. Significant reduction of about 65.3%, 67% and 57% in the amount of NOx was obtained at full load as compared to base readings. Smoke emissions reduced by 2.8-3.4% and CO emissions reduced by around 52% for diesel and biodiesel blends at full load.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78827_83df97aa5872feca02a121601c169a70.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Air Pollution in the Capital City of Bangladesh: Its Causes and Impacts on Human Health7377507882910.22059/poll.2020.300588.775ENK. E.KhudaDepartment of Law, Daffodil International University, P.O. Box 1207, Dhaka, BangladeshJournal Article20200408Air is one of the precious natural resources that are essential for animal including the human being. It is also the most important gift of nature without which human cannot survive. Pollution in the urban areas like Cairo, Delhi, Mexico and Dhaka far surpasses the acceptable limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Urban air pollution in the South Asian region is approximated to cause more than 300,000 deaths and billions of cases of respiratory disease per year. In Bangladesh, about 200000 people die each year due to the air pollution as the WHO estimates in 2018. The air in Dhaka City, the capital of Bangladesh, has become worsen to a level that the city has been identified as one of the most polluted cities in the world. Taking the problem with utmost importance into consideration as it is related with the public health, air pollution is being treated as one of the priority issues. The level of pollution at roadside environment is deeply connected with the density of motor vehicles plying on the roads. This situation is expected to worsen further in the upcoming days due to the increasing number of motor vehicles resulted from rapid economic growth and industrialization. This paper aims to provide the present statues of the air pollution in Dhaka city and some specific recommendations for making the city as a better living place through reducing its air pollution.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78829_2b41d0ff59e1e138a11f849bb235234d.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Algal Indices as a Biomonitoring Tool to Assess Eutrophication in the Urban Ponds: a Case Study7517577883210.22059/poll.2020.300048.769ENR.VishalDepartment of Botany, Birla College, Kalyan, 421301 (Mumbai), IndiaB.MeetaDepartment of Botany, Birla College, Kalyan, 421301 (Mumbai), IndiaJournal Article20200328Eutrophication of the urban water bodies is one the biggest challenge causing severe ecological and economic loss. Urban ponds are more prone to eutrophication due to their small size and polluted catchment areas. Biomonitoring using phytoplankton provides cost-effective estimation of the level of eutrophication. Ten urban ponds in different areas of the Mumbai city were chosen to investigate the phytoplankton community structure, and level of eutrophication. We assessed the 3 algal indices viz. Shannon-Wiener indices, Palmer and Nygard's (Myxophycean and diatom) indices. Linear relationship of these indices was tested against Carlson trophic state indices in order to assess the effectiveness of these indices to measure the degree of eutrophication in urban lakes. All ten lakes were found to be eutrophic, of which two were very low eutrophic (TSI – 53.74-53.95), four were low-mid eutrophic (TSI – 55.18 – 57.5), and four lakes were mid eutrophic (TSI 61.4 – 62.2). Shannon-Wiener indices (r= -0.73) and Myxophycean indices (r= 0.77) showed strong correlation with TSI whereas Diatom indices (r= -0.12) and Palmer’s Algal Pollution Indices (r= - 0.47) showed weak correlation with TSI. Thus study found that Shannon-Wiener indices and Myxophycean indices are reliable and cost effective means to assess the eutrophication of urban ponds in Mumbai.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78832_da3967a924e052e9bbadb6b93476ad8b.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Spatiotemporal Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Observed by Terra/MOPITT in the Troposphere of Iran7597717883510.22059/poll.2020.300275.770ENK.RaispourDepartment of Geography, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, P.O.Box 45371-38791, Zanjan, IranY.KhosraviDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, P.O.Box 45371-38791, Zanjan, IranJournal Article20200402It has been more than 20 years that the Measurement of Pollution in The Troposphere (MOPITT) mission onboard the NASA Terra satellite keeps providing us CO atmospheric concentration measurements around the globe. The current paper observes CO mixing ratio from the MOPITT Version 8 (MOP03J_V008) instrument in order to study the spatiotemporal analysis of CO (spanning from April 2000 to February 2020) in the Troposphere of Iran. Results indicate that the average CO in Iran’s troposphere has been 133.5 ppbv (i.e., 5.5 ppbv lower than the global mean CO). The highest distribution of CO (with an average of 150 ppbv) belongs to the city of Tehran (the capital of Iran) as well as the Caspian Sea coastal area, while the lowest value (with an average of less than 110 ppbv) has been estimated on the Zagros Mountains (southwestern Iran). The highest and lowest CO values have been observed in cold and hot months, respectively. Seasonally speaking, it is also clear that the highest and lowest carbon monoxide values occur in winter and summer, respectively. The vertical profile of MOPITT CO shows the maximum CO concentration at lower levels of the troposphere. It has been expanded up to 150 hPa. The trend is investigated by means of Pearson correlation coefficient statistical method. Overall, long-term monitoring of MOPITT CO in Iran indicates a decreasing trend of tropospheric CO over the 20 years (Y=-0.008X+449.31). Possible reasons for such a decrease can be related to improved transportation fleet, increased fuel quality, plans for traffic control, promotion of heating systems, and promotion of industrial fuels and factories.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78835_2d88715ae92fa83cbebf847a1b3c684d.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Synthesis and Characterization of Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles for Textile Wastewater Treatment7737837883810.22059/poll.2020.296735.740ENN.Nigam AhujaDeparment of Applied Sciences and Humanities (Division-Environmental Science), Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad, P.O.Box 201010, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaA.A.AnsariEnvironment Division, Northern India Textile Research Association (NITRA), Rajnagar, Ghaziabad, P.O.Box 201002, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaR.RajputDeparment of Applied Sciences and Humanities (Division-Environmental Science), ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, P.O.Box 201009, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaP.SinghDepartment of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education, C-20/1, Sector 62, Noida, P.O. Box-201301, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaJournal Article20200128Textile manufacturing industry produces a huge amount of pollutants from its textile dyeing units. To combat the problem of water pollution, various processes are being already adopted by textile industries to treat wastewater before its discharge into the nearby environment. However, the inadequate traditional treatments are leading towards the development of different technologies with major concern on material’s high efficacy. One of the newest advancement in this area is nanotechnology. The zero valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are gaining extreme importance, due to its potential capabilities of reducing chemical substances, dye colour and other constituents from the waste effluent. In the present article, synthesis of nZVI particles was carried out by borohydride chemical reduction method using ferrous heptahydrate sulphate salt. Its characterization such as surface morphology and structure was analyzed by using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller method (BET). Further, the stability of nanoparticles was also investigated via chemical and thermal processes at different pH ranges and temperatures. The results revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles were as per the available literature in terms of size, surface morphology, structure & stability. Hence, ready for the batch experimental studies on laboratory scale.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78838_ad9f44a4cd7be5ac6e4ef73d6b8d47fe.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Synthesis and Photocatlytic Application of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge @ TiO2 Composite for Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye7857997884010.22059/poll.2020.299746.767ENM.N.RashedChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, EgyptM. A.El TaherChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, EgyptS. M. M.FadlallaAswan Company for Water and Wastewater, Aswan, EgyptJournal Article20200320Sludge/TiO2 composite was synthesized from drinking water treatment sludge, as a waste material and TiO2 , by a sol- gel method. Various sludge adsorbent / TiO2 ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 w/w) were prepared, and characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and BET. The prepared composites were applied successfully for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye from a solution. The photocatalytic degradation of MB dye was investigated using UV irradiation, or UV/H2O2. Initial dye concentration, solution pH, composite dosage, and UV irradiation time were applied to study the optimum conditions for MB degradation. The results revealed the highest MB dye degradation with composite (2:1). It was found that the maximum MB degradation efficiency was at pH=7, 4 h irradiation time, 0.125 g composite dose, and 50 ppm initial dye concentration. MB removal efficiency was 95.7% using UV irradiation, and 99.8% of that using UV/ H2O2. The rate of MB dye degradation followed the first order kinetics. Results from this study offer the best conditions for recycling drinking water treatment sludge, and use it for wastewater treatment.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78840_14c70d45cf929980d1d7d3915efdea39.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Analyses and Pollution Potential of heavy metals at The Jerangau-Jabor Landfill in Kuantan, Malaysia8018107884210.22059/poll.2020.301198.783ENN. F.How F.Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaN. S.Mohd NohDepartment of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaN. A.NordinDepartment of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaD. F. N.Abang SapaniDepartment of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaJournal Article20200418The impact of Industrialization has always been related to the better economic and social transformation. However, it should be well planned for environmental sustainability. Landfilling is the most used municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal method in Malaysia. Raw and treated leachate collected from Jerangau-Jabor Landfill Site (JJLS), Kuantan, Pahang were analysed for the content of silver, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, zinc using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The metal analyses result were compared with standard limits from the Environmental Quality (Control of Pollution from Solid Waste Transfer Station and Landfill) Regulations 2009, Malaysian Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127) set by the Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia and used to calculate the sub-leachate pollution index of heavy metals (sub-LPIhm) to evaluate the pollution potential of the heavy metals. The sub-LPIhm is one of the sub-index needed to calculate the Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) together with the sub-LPI organic (sub-LPIorg) and sub-LPI inorganic (sub-LPIinorg). LPI is the level of leachate pollution potential of a landfill site. All the heavy metals in the raw leachate were significantly higher than the treated leachate. Some were found to be above the permissible standard limit stipulated in the regulation. However, the sub-LPIhm showed that the level of heavy metal pollution potential of the leachate is low. It is recommended that the treated leachate should undergo continuous treatment to ensure the discharge leachate complied with the standard limit.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78842_e10903a9cbf6baab95df1d63de142f52.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Phytoremediation of soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals within a Technical Landfill Center Vicinity: Algerian Case Study8118267884410.22059/poll.2020.301691.792ENKh.Boukaka1. Biotechnology, Environment and Health laboratory, Mohammed Seddik Ben Yahia University, Algeria
2. Department of environmental sciences and agronomic sciences, Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia university , Jijel, AlgeriaB.Mayache1. Biotechnology, Environment and Health laboratory, Mohammed Seddik Ben Yahia University, Algeria
2. Department of environmental sciences and agronomic sciences, Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia university , Jijel, AlgeriaJournal Article20200426The contamination of environment with heavy metals has become a serious problem which can affect the human health. Three heavy metals (Zn, Cd and Pb) were determined in soil and plants for below and aboveground parts along landfill Demina center, located in the wilaya of Jijel, Algeria to evaluate their behavior and uptake by Ditrichia viscosa, Juncus effusus and Solanum nigrum. In our research we tried to study the capacity of these spontaneous plants to accumulate and to translocate heavy metals from soil to their tissues during three years. The heavy metals examined in the soils of the study area showed variations in concentrations, the study area may be practically unpolluted with Zn and Pb (CF; 0.45 and 0.98 successively) and very contaminated with Cd (CF; 8.53). According to the results obtained, the soil is uncontaminated with lead (Igeo=-0.60) and zinc (Igeo= -1.42) but it is heavily contaminated with cadmium (Igeo=2.5) along the study area. Overall the BCFS (bioconcentration factors) are superior to 1, for the all heavy metals and species. However, BCFs follow the following order; BCFZn>BCFPb>BCFCd for Ditrichia viscosa, the following order BCFPb>BCFZn>BCFCd for Juncus effuses and follow the following order; BCFZn>BCFCd>BCFPb for Solanum nigrum. The TFs (translocation factor) of the present study showed that Solanum nigrum can translocate the three of the metals into their aboveground parts.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78844_e2a946bf1b9aac25d93d5cdff55a2837.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Physiological and Growth Responses to Pollutant-Induced Biochemical Changes in Plants: A Review8278487885210.22059/poll.2020.303151.821ENC.MulengaDepartment of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, Bag X1 Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Copperbelt University, P. O. Box 21692, Kitwe, ZambiaC.ClarkeDepartment of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University, Bag X1 Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South AfricaM.MeinckenDepartment of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, Bag X1 Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South AfricaJournal Article20200519Industrial activities compromise the ambient air quality at a local, regional and global level through gaseous and dust emissions. This study reviews uptake mechanisms and the associated phytotoxicity of pollutants in plants, focusing on heavy metals and SO2. It further describes detoxification mechanisms and the resultant biochemical and physiological changes in plants. Finally, the morpho-physiological and growth responses to stress-induced biochemical changes are discussed. Heavy metals and SO2 enter the plant tissue through the stomata, cuticular layers, lenticels and root hairs. In the plant cells, SO2 converts to SO32- or SO42- ions upon reacting with water molecules, which in excess are toxic to plants. However, the detoxification process of SO32- increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are toxic to plants and damages biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA. On the other hand, heavy metals, such as Cu and Fe catalyse the Fenton/Haber-Weiss reactions, breaking down H2O2 into OH•. Additionally, Pb and Zn inhibit the activities of ROS-detoxifying enzymes, while other heavy metals bind to cellular layers making them rigid, thereby reducing cell division. Therefore, pollutant toxicity in plants affects biochemical parameters damaging organic molecules and limiting cambial activity. Damaged biomolecules inhibit the plant's capacity to carry out physiological functions, such as photosynthesis, stomatal functions, transpiration and respiration while impaired cambial activity reduces cell division and elongation resulting in reduced plant growth and productivity.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78852_29ed99e6ed9c0728de523a47e2dde15f.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Evaluating the Accumulation and Consumption Hazard Risk of Heavy Metals in the Fish Muscles of Species Living in the Waters of the Persian Gulf, Iran8498627885310.22059/poll.2020.302068.798ENM.NorouziDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Marine Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box 46817, Tonekabon, IranJournal Article20200205The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Cd, As, Hg, Pb, and Cr in the edible part of eleven most consumed fish species collected from the north-east coast of Persian Gulf, Iran, during 2017. An inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instrument was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals. The results were compared within acceptable limits for human consumption set by various health institutions. The order of heavy metals about total accumulation was Cr>As>Pb> Cd> Hg. The mean heavy metals concentrations of fish species muscle decreased in the order of Acanthopagrus latus> Planiliza subviridis> Lutjanus lemniscatus > Alectis indica> Epinephelus areolatus> Otolithes ruber> Epinephelus chlorostigma> Lethrinus crocineus> Euryglossa orientalis > Cynoglossus arel > Grammoplites suppositus. Probably the difference in the concentration of metals between samples depends on fish species, diet, and habitat. These species were declared to exhibit a low probability of causing non-cancerous diseases. The comparison of the accumulation and hazard risk of consuming the five heavy metals existing in the eleven species that were sampled from the coasts of Khuzestan, Maah-shar Harbour, with the WHO and USEPA guidelines showed that although consuming these fish species does not threaten the consumers' health, pregnant women and children should be cautious about consuming them. The HI was calculated for 70 kg body weight of adults and 14.5 kg body weight of children. The amount of optimal consumption is different for different weights of consumers.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78853_2d8af7b1183de0bf208e3f9d3247ec4d.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Vapor Loss of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from the Shipping Port of Abadan Petroleum Refinery8638787885410.22059/poll.2020.302701.810ENM. R.Raazi TabariDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranS.SabzalipourDepartment of Environment, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranS. M.PeyghambarzadehDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, IranR.JalilzadehDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20200512Hydrocarbon storage tanks, the major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission, have unfavorable effects on atmospheric chemistry and human health. The present study aims at calculating the amount of VOCs’ loss with an emphasis on benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). It has been performed by means of TANKs 4.0.9d and WATER9 Software Programs, as well as field measurement for validation. It, then, provides control strategies to reduce the amounts of VOCs in the shipping port area. Emission sources include 32 internal and external floating roof storage tanks, 7 pump houses, and one wastewater treatment pool. Field sampling has been done, using SKC sampling pump and activated carbon adsorption tube according to NIOSH 1501 standard. The obtained samples have been analyzed with FID and GC-MS. Results show that the total emission of VOCs has been equal to 933.25 tons/year, the majority of which (881.74 tons/year ) comes from storage tanks, followed by pump houses and wastewater treatment pool (47.88 and 3.63 tons/year, respectively). BTEX emission includes 1.49 tons/year of benzene, 3.2 tons/year of toluene, 0.57 tons/year of ethylbenzene, and 1.53 tons/year of xylenes. In order to reduce the emission of VOCs from the storage tanks, the paper proposes to change the design of tanks’ roof and sealing. As a result, the total emission of VOCs could be reduced by 18.27%, equivalent to 158.16 tons/year. The total cost of the oil vapors loss is estimated at 253’000 $/year, part of which (i.e., up to 43’000 $/year) could be saved by applying the proposed control strategies.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78854_40e9582a2f8c032ccac2cacf2bfb42e4.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Taguchi Optimization of Adsorptive Treatment of Effluent from Lead-acid Battery Recycling unit Using Pressmud-a Sugar Industry Waste8798927885510.22059/poll.2020.302442.808ENS.MeshramDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, 492010, Chhattisgarh, IndiaC.ThakurDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, 492010, Chhattisgarh, IndiaA. B.SoniDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, 492010, Chhattisgarh, IndiaJournal Article20200508Lead-acid battery recycling is one of the organized process which helps in overcoming the demand of lead for the production of the storage batteries. During recycling, a large amount of effluent is generated which contains lead beyond the permissible limit and harmful for the environment. This effluent was treated by adsorption as an alternative technique by using another waste (pressmud) as an adsorbent obtained from the sugar industry. Properties of the pressmud were determined through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. Taguchi method L16 orthogonal array (4^3) was used for batch adsorption study for the parameters, initial pH, adsorbent dose and contact time. The optimum value for the adsorption of Pb(II) onto pressmud was found at effluent pH 4.5, adsorbent dose 1.0 g/50mL and time 240 min from the Signal-to-Noise ratio analysis. Kinetic and isotherm studies were also carried out to understand the mechanism of adsorption. Langmuir isotherm fitted best to the experimental data with R2=0.994 and kinetics of adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model with R2=0.993.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78855_6d3edd16c446227ad28d64fe443a4ee3.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Application of a Decision-Making Model to Reduce CO2 Emissions in Iran (Case Study: CHP-CCS technology and renewable energy)8939087885610.22059/poll.2020.301464.787ENH. R.AlinejadDepartment of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box 189, Roudehen, IranA.BehbahaniniaDepartment of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box 189, Roudehen, IranM.MackialeaghaDepartment of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box 189, Roudehen, IranJournal Article20200422Iran is one of the largest producers of CO2 in the world. Therefore, in order to lessen its greenhouse gas production, thus complying with the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), it should cut its CO2 emissions by about 4% by 2030, compared to 2010. Hence this paper aims at finding an early solution to this problem. Because the country's electricity sector is responsible for the highest annual CO2 emissions, the paper focuses on two technologies that can effectively reduce CO2 emissions from the electricity sector, namely renewable energy and Combined Heat And Power Plants (CHP) with CO2 capture and storage (CCS). Further it assesses adoption of these technologies and their impact on Iran's annual CO2 emission by 2030, considering two main scenarios: the optimistic scenario (OS) which assumes that the policies of the Sixth Development Plan (SDP) will be fully realized as well as the fair scenario (FS) which believes that SDP policies will be followed to some extent by the end of the program. To this end, twenty six micro-factors, affecting CO2 emissions, have been identified and classified into five different groups. The detected micro factors are then introduced to a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) Algorithm to identify the most important specific microscopic factors in Iran. The final detected micro-factors have finally been included in a Gaussian regression model to predict CO2 emissions in Iran by 2030. The findings suggest that if Iran intends to comply with the INDCs, CHP-CCS technology is a solution that has an early return, compared to renewable technologies.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78856_0640782dfd32dedfac4d682c46c2399a.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Application of Pollution Indices and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the waters of a South-eastern Nigeria River9099227885710.22059/poll.2020.303140.820ENE. D.AnyanwuDepartment of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.O. G.AdetunjiDepartment of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.E. D. DavidNwachukwuDepartment of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.Journal Article20200519This study on the heavy metal content of a local drinking water source in South-east Nigeria was carried out in 3 sampling stations between May 2019 and October 2019. Pollution indices and health risk assessment for non-carcinogenic were used to check the water’s suitability for human consumption. The indices were heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and Contamination Index (Cd). Eight metals were evaluated with standard methods and compared with Nigerian and WHO drinking water standards. Some metals like iron, lead and cadmium exceeded the recommended limits. The stations Heavy Metal Pollution Index ranged between 511.4 and 512.4 while the monthly values ranged between 279.8 and 547.6; all exceeding the threshold value of 100. Contamination Index ranged between 3.12 and 3.32 (stations) and -0.80 to 4.80 (month) indicating high contamination potential and low to high contamination potentials respectively. All the hazard indices also exceeded one (1). Stations 1 and 2 were higher in all the indices. All the indices were linked the high values of iron, lead and cadmium, influenced by sand mining activities. The pollution indices and Health Risk Assessment converged to show that the waters of Iyiakwu River are not fit for human consumption. The children are more vulnerable since it the main source of drinking water in the area.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78857_b076cb70cd3a73fc37e0062b91cad071.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Pb phytostabilization by fast-growing trees inoculated with Pb-resistant plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium9239347885810.22059/poll.2020.299801.768ENJirapornYongpisanphopDepartment of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut&amp;amp;rsquo;s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, ThailandS.BabelSchool of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University-Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12120, ThailandM.KruatrachueDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandP.PokethitiyookDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandJournal Article20200322Inoculation of endophytic bacteria has been accepted as a promising technique to assist phytostabilization of heavy metal-contaminated soils. This study investigated the effects of inoculating a bacterial strain closely related to Pseudomonas pyschrophila on the plant growth, and phytostabilization of fast-growing trees Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, growing on artificial spiked soil with Pb up to 1500 mg/kg. After 60 days, the results showed that the strain closely related to P. pyschrophila slightly increased Pb bioavailability and Pb uptake by A. mangium, compared to non-inoculated controls. It slightly reduced Pb bioavailability in soil, but it did not affect the Pb uptake by E. camaldulensis, compared to non-inoculated controls. Interestingly, it was able to significantly increase Pb content in shoots by 3.07-fold in A. mangium and 2.95-fold in E. camaldulensis, compared to non-inoculated controls. Although the inoculation of the strain closely related to P. pyschrophila slightly increased the translocation factor (TF) of Pb in both tree species, their TF values were less than 1. This indicates that plants associated with the strain closely related to P. pyschrophila are suitable for phytostabilization of A. mangium, which may be used for cleaning up Pb contaminated sites. This strain displayed different influences on plant species and was found not suitable for phytostabilization of E. camaldulensis.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78858_af95f3965c9665b0df0bb904ba3f78eb.pdfUniversity Of Tehran PressPollution2383-451X6420201201Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from biowaste-walnut shell and application to removal of uranium from waste9359447885910.22059/poll.2020.303546.828ENM.YamanDepartment of Chemistry, Science Fac., Firat University, Elazig-TurkeyM. H.DemirelDepartment of Chemistry, Science Fac., Firat University, Elazig-TurkeyJournal Article20200525The aim of this study is to synthesize and characterize an economical and environmentally-friendly adsorbent with high adsorption capacity. For this purpose, the walnut shells (Juglans regia L.) were chemically modified using sulfuric and citric acids, separately. After pyrolysis and synthesis of activated carbon (AC), the optimization of conditions at the preconcentration/removal step was performed using parameters such as pH and contact time for uranium in the model solutions. The measurements were carried out by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). From the shapes of the BET isotherms, it may be stated that activated carbon exhibit type I. It was found that the surface area and total pore volume of the activated carbon were 696.6 m2/g and 0.35 mL/g, respectively. The adsorption capacity was found to be 220 mg/g. It was found that the optimum pH is 6.0 for preconcentration/removal using AC obtained by sulfuric acid as chemically-modifier. The optimized method was applied to determination of U at ng/mL levels in the model solutions.https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78859_e23d14ff2a5e6f32160d4305645e8e89.pdf