Potential of Lemna minor in Ni and Cr removal from aqueous solution

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 Construction Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Saltlake, Kolkata-700098, W.B. India.

2 School of Water Resources Engineering, Jadavpur University, Saltlake, Kolkata-700032, India.

Abstract

Duckweeds are of special interest, as they are naturally growing weeds that have the capacity to tolerate and remove toxic pollutants, including heavy metals from the environment. Studies have revealed that duckweed (Lemna minor) can tolerate and remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In the present study, the efficiency of L. minor in the removal of Ni and Cr individually from aqueous solutions was investigated at concentrations of 3.05, 3.98 and 4.9 mg/L for Ni and 1.91, 2.98, and 4.2 mg/L for Cr. Experiments were run for 22 days, after which the metal content in the plant was estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The duckweed showed higher percentage of Ni removal than Cr. Specific Growth Rate (SGR) was found to be reduced at high concentrations of both Ni and Cr. Statistical analysis suggested that the growth of the plant was affected by the toxic effect of both Ni and Cr. Bioaccumulation of Ni was higher than Cr in L. minor. The mechanism of removal of both Ni and Cr followed second order kinetics. It is suggested that these duckweeds can remove Ni and Cr from aqueous solution and can also accumulate the same in considerable concentrations, at low initial metal concentrations.

Keywords

References

examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
Appenroth K.J., Krech K., Keresztes A., Fischer W. and Koloczek H., (2010). Effects of nickel on the chloroplasts of the duckweeds Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor and their possible use in biomonitoring and phytoremediation, Chemosphere 78, 216-223.
Axtell N.R., Sternberg S.P.K. and Claussen K., (2003). Lead and nickel removal using Microspora and Lemna minor; Bioresource technol, 89, 41-48.
Baker A.J.M. (1981). Accumulators and excluders strategies in the response of plants to heavy metals. JPlant Nutr 3 (1): 643-654.
Boonyapookana B., Upatham E.S, Kruatrachue M., Pokethitiyook P. and Singhakaew S. (2002). Phytoaccumulation and phytotoxicity of Cadmium and Chromium in duckweed Wolffia globosa, Int J Phyto, 4 (2): 87-100.
Bres, P., Crespo, D., Rizzo, P. and Rossa,L.A.R. (2012). Capacity of the macrophytes Lemna minor and Eichhornia crassipes to remove nickel. RIA, Research in press.
Chandra, P. and Kulshreshtha, K. (2004). Chromium accumulation and Toxicity in aquatic vascular plants. The Botanical Review 70, (3): 313-327.
CPCB (2000). Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. Environmental Standards for Ambient Air, Automobiles, Fuels, Industries and Noise Pollution Control Law Series : PCLS/4/2000-2001.
Duman, F. and Ozturk, F. (2010). Nickel aaccumulation and its effect on biomass, protein content and antioxidative enzymes in roots and leaves of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br), J Environ Sci 22 (4), 526-532.
EPA (1996). Aquatic Plant Toxicity Test Using Lemna spp., Tiers I and II. Ecological Effects Test Guidelines OPPTS 850.4400. United States Environmental Protection Agency Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances Unit, New York, p.9.
Goswami, C., Majumder, A., Misra, A.K. and Bandyopadhyay, K. (2014). Arsenic uptake by Lemna minor in hydroponic system”. Int J Phyto, Vol.16, (12), 1221-1227.
Gupta, K., Gaumat, S. and Mishra, K. (2011). Chromium accumulation in submerged aquatic plants treated with tannery effluent at Kanpur, India, J Environ Biol, 32, 591-597.
Hadad, H.R., Maine M.A. and Bonetto C.A. (2006). Macrophyte growth in a pilot scale constructed wetland for industrial wastewater treatment, Chemosphere 63, 1744-1753.
Hadad, H.R., Maine, M.A., Pinciroli, M. and Mufarrege M.M. (2009). Nickel and phosphorus sorption efficiencies, tissue accumulation kinetics and morphological effects on Eichhornia crassipes, Ecotoxicology 18; 504-513.
Hussain, S.T., Mahmood, T. and Malik, S.A. (2010). Phytoremediation technologies for Ni++ by water hyacinth, Afr J Biotechnol Vol. 9(50), 8648-8660.
Ingole, N.W. and Bhole A.G. (2003). Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). J.Water Supply: Research and Technology-AQUA, 52(2): 119-128.
Kara, Y. (2004). Bioaccumulation of copper from contaminated wastewater by using Lemna minor. B Environ Contam Tox Vol. 72: 467- 471.
Kara, Y. (2005). Bioaccumulation of Cu, Zn and Ni from the wastewater by treated Nasturtium officinale, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol; Vol. 2 (1): pp. 63-67.
Kara, Y., Basaran, D., Kara, I., Zeytunluoglu, A., and Genc, H. (2003). Bioaccumulation of Nickel by Aquatic Macrophyta Lemna minor (Duckweed), IntJ Agri Biol, 1560–8530/2003/05–3–28 1–283.
Khosravi, M., Taghi Ganji, M. and Rakhshaee, R. (2005). Toxic effect of Pb, Cd, Ni and Zn on Azolla filiculoides in the Int Anzali Wetland , Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., Vol. 2 (1): 35-40.
Li, T. and Xiong, Z. (2004). A Novel Response of Wild Type duckweed (Lemna paucicostata Hegelm.) to heavy metals, Wiley Periodicals,95-102.
Maine, M.A., Sune, N.L. and Lagger, S.C. (2004). Chromium bioaccumulation : comparison of the capacity of two floating aquatic macrophytes, Water Res 38 : 1494-1501.
Megateli, S., Semsari, S. and Couderchet, M., (2009). Toxicity and removal of heavy metals (cadmium, copper and zinc) by Lemna gibba. Ecotox Environ Safe Vol.72: 1774-1780.
Mishra, V.K. and Tripathi, B.D. (2008). Concurrent removal and accumulation of heavy metals by the three aquatic macrophytes, Bioresource Technol, 99: 7091-7097.
Mkandawire, M., Taubert, B. and Dudel, G. (2006). Limitations of growth parameters in Lemna gibba bioassays for arsenic and uranium under variable phosphate availability, Ecotox Environ Safe65: 116-128.
Mukhtari, S., Bhatti, H.N., Khalid, M., Anwar, UlHaq M. and Shahzad, S.M., (2010). Potential of Sunflower (helianthus Annuus L.) for phytoremediation of Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) contaminated water, Pak. J. Bot., 42(6 ), 40 -174026.
Obek, E. (2009). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals from the secondary treated municipal wastewater by Lemna gibba L.,FEB, Vol 18, No. 11a: 2159- 2164.
OECD (2002). Guidelines for the testing of chemicals Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test. Draft Guideline 221.
Olguin, E.J., Hernandez, E. and Ramos, I. (2002). The effect of both different light conditions and the pH value on the capacity of Salvinia minima Baker for removing Cadmium, lead and Chromium. Acta Biotechnol. 22, 1-2: 121-131.
Oporto, C., Arce, O., Broeck, E V den., Bruggen, B V der. and Vandecasteele, C. (2006). Experimental study and modeling of Cr (VI) removal from wastewater using Lemna minor, Water Res 40: 1458-1464.
Pajevic, S., Matavulj, M., Borisev, M., Ilic, P. and Krstic, B. (?). Macrophytic nutrient and heavy metal accumulation ability as a parameter of pollutant remediation in aquatic ecosystems, 382-387.
Panda, S.K. and Choudhury, S. (2005). Chromium stress in plants. Brazilian J. Plant Physiology, 17(1): 95-102.
Posada, N.C., Montalvo, M.C. and Verbel, J.O. (?). Phytotoxicity assessment of a methanolic coal dust extract in Lemna minor. Ecotox Environ Safe.
Quinones, F.R.R, Modenes, A.N., Palacio, L.P., Trigueros, D.E.G., Oliveira, A.P. and Szymanski, N. (2009). Study of the bioaccumulation kinetic of 
lead by living aquatic macrophyte Salvinia auriculata,Chem EngJ 150: 316-322. Rabie, M.H., Latif, E.A.A., Asy, K.G. and Eleiwa, M.E. (?). The effect of nickel on plants, the effect of foliar nickel on yield and elemental content of some crops, J.K.A.U.Sci , Vol 4: 15-21. Rai, U.N. and Sinha, S. (2001). Distribution of metals in aquatic edible plants Trapa natans (ROXB) makino and Ipomoea aquatic forsk., Environ Monit Assess 70: 241-252. Sen, A., Mondal, K.N.G and Mondal, S. (1987). Studies of uptake and toxic effects of Cr (VI) on Pistia stratiotes. Water Sci. Technol. 7: 119-127. Shankera, A.K., Cervantes, C., Tavera, H.L. and Avudainayagam, S. (2005). Chromium toxicity in plants, Environ Int, 31: 739-753. Sinha, S., Saxena, R. and Singh, S. (2005). Chromium induced lipid peroxidation in the plants of Pistia stratiotes L.: role of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. Chemosphere 58: 595-604.
Sinha, S., Saxena, R. and Singh, S. (2005). Chromium induced lipid peroxidation in the plants of Pistia stratiotes L.: role of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. Chemosphere 58: 595-604.
Soltan M.E., Rashed M.N., (2003). Laboratory study on the survival of water hyacinth under several conditions of heavy metal concentrations, Adv Environ Res 7: 321-334.
Staves, R.P. and Knaus, R.M. (1985). Chromium removal from water by three species of duckweed. Aquat. Bot. 28: 261-273.
Vajpayee, P., Rai, U.N., Ali, M.B., Tripathi, R.D., Yadav, V., Sinha, S. and Singh, S.N. (2001). Chromium induced physiologic changes in Vallisneria spiralis and its role in phytoremediation of tannery effluent, Bull. Environ Contam Toxicol 67: 246-256.
Yasar, A., Khan, M., Tabinda, A.B., Hayyat, M.U. and Zaheer, A., (2013). Percentage uptake of heavy metals of different macrophytes in stagnant and flowing textile effluent. The JAnim Plant Sci 23 (6): 1709-1713.
Zayed, A., Gowthaman, S. and Terry, N. (1998). Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants: I: Duckweed, J Environ Qual 27: 715-721.
Zhang, X.H., Liu, J., Huang, H.T., Chen, J., Zhu, Y.N. and Wang, D.Q. (2007). Chromium accumulation by the hyperaccumulator plant Leersiahexandra Swartz, Chemosphere 67: 1138-1143.
Pollution
Volume 1, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
October 2015
Pages 373-385

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics