Assessment of Contamination Potential of Leachate from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites for Metropolitan Cities in India

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

Department of Civil Engineering, Amity School of Engineering & Technology, Amity University Gurgaon, Panchgaon, Manesar, Pincode-122413, Haryana, India

Abstract

With increased population, rapid industrialization and life style changes, the characteristics and the rates of solid waste generation have gone under drastic change in India. Generally, in India, management of solid waste landfill is of major concern with respect to the existing circumstances. The illegal dumping of municipal solid waste on the outskirts of cities is creating major environmental and public health problems. Improper and unscientific waste management results in potential threats from leachate leakage with subsequent impact on environment (i.e. soil, air and waterbodies) and human being. It is therefore, important to evaluate the contamination potential threat of landfill leachate. This study assesses the potential contamination from the landfill leachate by an index called leachate pollution index (LPI) and suggestions are given the landfill sites of five major cities i.e. Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Navi Mumbai & Kolkata in India. The landfill leachate samples from these sites have been assessed using leachate pollution index for the implementation of appropriate leachate treatment techniques for reducing the adverse effects on the environment. The results show that the Pallikkaranai landfill site for Chennai city and Mavallipura landfill site for Bangalore city are highly deteriorating and may lead to increase in human health risk for nearby dwellings.

Keywords


Afsar, S. S., Kumar, S. and Alam, P. (2015). Characterization of leachate at various landfill site of Delhi, India. Int. Magnesium, 250; 50-61.
Artiningsih, A., Zubair, H., Imran, A. M. and Widodo, S. (2018). Distribution of Cu metal on the soil around the landfills of Antang, Makassar City. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Vol. 175, No. 1; 120-131.
Daud, Z., Aziz, H. A., Adlan, M. N., and Hung, Y.T., (2009). Application of combined filtration and coagulation for semi-aerobic leachate treatment, International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, vol. 4, no. 3-4; 457–469.
De, S., Maiti, S., Hazra, T., Debsarkar, A., and Dutta, A., (2016). Leachate characterization and identification of dominant pollutants using leachate pollution index for an uncontrolled landfill site. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2(2); 177-186.
Fang, J. J., Yang, N., Cen, D. Y., Shao, L. M., He, P. J., (2012). Odor compounds from different sources of landfill: characterization and source identification. Waste Manage., 32(7); 1401–1410.
Foul, A. A., Aziz, H. A., Isa, M, H., and Hung, Y. T., (2009). Primary treatment of anaerobic landfill leachate using activated carbon and limestone: batch and column studies, International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, vol. 4, no. 3-4: 282–298.
Hsu, Chia-Chien., and Sandford, Brian. A., (2007). The Delphi Technique: Making sense of consensus. Practical Assessment Research and Evaluation; 12(10).
Kale, S.S., Kadam, A. K., Kumar, S., (2010).  Evaluating pollution potential of leachate from landfill site, from the Pune metropolitan city and its impact on shallow basaltic aquifers. Environ. Monit. Assess., 162; 327–346
Karbassi, A. R., Tajziehchi, S., Afshar, S., (2015). An investigation on heavy metals in soils around oil field area. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 1(4);275–282
Kumar, D., Alappat, B. J., (2003). Analysis of leachate contamination potential of a municipal landfill using leachate pollution index. Proceedings of the workshop onsustainable landfill management, Chennai, India, 3–5December ;147–153.
Kumar, D., and Alappat, B. J., (2003).  A technique to quantify landfill leachate pollution, Proc.  9th International Landfill Symposium; 243-244.
Mishra, H., Rathod, M., Karmakar, S., and Kumar, R., (2016). A framework for assessment and characterization of municipal solid waste landfill leachate: an application to the Turbhe landfill, Navi Mumbai, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188(6);357.
Mohajeri, S., Aziz, H. A., Isa, M. H., Zahed, M. A., and Adlan, M. N., (2010). Statistical optimization of process parameters for landfill leachate treatment using electro-Fenton technique, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 176, no. 1–3; 749–758.
Naveen, B. P., Durga Madhab, Mahapatra., Sitharam, T. G., Sivapullaiah, P. V., and Ramachandra, T. V., (2017). Physico-chemical and biological characterization of urban municipal landfill leachate, Environmental Pollution, Vol.220, Part A;1-12.
Naveen, B. P., Malik, R.K., and Denise-Penelope, N. Kontoni., (2018). Municipal solid waste management in India,8th International Conf. on Scientific Computing to Computational Engineering, Athens, 4-7 July; 290-297.
Palaniandy, P., Adlan, M. N., Aziz, H. A., and Murshed, M. F., (2009). Application of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in semi-aerobic leachate treatment, Chemical Engineering Journal.
Reinhart, D. R., and Grosh, C. J., (1998). Analysis of Florida MSW landfill leachate quality, Tech. Rep. 97-3, Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, Gainesville, Fla, USA.
Renou, S., Givaudan, J. S., Poulain, S., Dirassouyan, F., and Moulin, P. (2008). Landfill leachate treatment: review and opportunity, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 150, no. 3; 468–493.
Seo, D. J., Kim, Y. J., Ham, S. Y., Lee, D. H., (2007). Characterization of dissolved organic matter in leachate discharged from final disposal sites which contained municipal solid waste incineration residues. J. Hazard. Mater., 148(3);679–692. 
Susu, A. A., and Salami, L., (2011). Proposal for joint research efforts with the Ministry of Environment on surface and ground water contamination and remediation near municipal landfill site, Lagos, Nigeria; 1–2.
Umar, M., Aziz, H, A., Yusoff, M. S., (2010). Variability of parameters involved in Leachate Pollution Index and determination of LPI from four landfills in Malaysia. Int. J. Chem. Eng., Article ID 747953.
Yusof, N., Haraguchi, A., Hassan, M, A., Othman, M, R., Wakisaka,  M., Shirai,  Y., (2009). Measuring organic carbon, nutrients and heavy metals in rivers receiving leachate from controlled and uncontrolled municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. Waste Manage., 29; 2666–2680.