Biochemical and Physiochemical Assessment of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Selected Plant Species at Ikpoba Okha Gas Flaring Site, Edo State, Nigeria

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

2 Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara Mokin, Ondo State.

3 Department of Geography and Planning Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

4 Department of Geology and Mineral Sciences, Crawford University, Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

The Air Pollution Tolerance index (APTI) of six plants located within Ikpoba Okha gas flaring site in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria during wet and dry seasons were assessed. Plant samples for this research work were randomly collected from the vicinity of the flaring site. Six (6) sample of each plant was used for laboratory analysis. The plant parameters assessed include relative water content (RWC), the ascorbic acid content (AAC), total leaf chlorophyll (TLC) and pH extract of the leaves and were used to compute the Air pollution tolerance indices (APTI). Based on the analyzed result, the RWC in Drypetes leonensis, Ficus exasperata Vahl, Chromolaena odorata (Linn) and Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Smith   species in dry season were higher than those in wet season. Icacina tricantha showed a relatively high level of acidity when compared to others. A. boonei De Wild has the highest ascorbic acid content in the leaves in both seasons. The highest level of chlorophyll contents was recorded in the dry season with Drypetes leonensis having the highest, followed by Icacina trichantha. There was no statistically significant difference in pH and total chlorophyll contents between samples collected in wet and dry season; however, there were significant difference observed in ascorbic acid and RWC in both seasons. APTI in wet and dry season showed a statistically significant difference. This study recommends planting of tolerant species that can acts as bio-indicators especially in gas flaring stations in Nigeria.

Keywords

References

Aasawari, A .T. and Umesh, B. K. (2017). Assessment of air pollution tolerance index of plants; a comparative study. Int. J. Pharm Pharm Sci., 9(7); 83-89. 
Agbaire, P.O. and Esiefarienrhe, E. (2009). Air pollution tolerance indices of some plants around Otorogun Gas Plant in Delta state, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manag. 13(1):11–14.
Aguiar-Silva, C., Brandao, S.E., Domingos, M. and Bulbovas, P. (2016). Antioxidant responses of Atlantic Forest native tree species as indicators of increasing tolerance to oxidative stress when they are exposed to air pollutants and seasonal tropical climate. Ecological Indicators. 63: 154-164.
Bignal, K.L., Ashmore, M.R. and Headley, A.D. (2008). Effects of air pollution from road transport on growth and physiology of six transplanted bryophyte species. Environ. Poll. 156: 332-340
Conklin, P. L. (2001). Recent advances in the role and biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in plants. Plant, Cell & Environment. 24: 383-394.
Escobedo, F.J., Wanger, J.E. and Nowak, D.J. (2008). Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile’s policy of using urban forests to improve air quality. Journal of Environmental Management. 86(1): 148-157.
Govindaraju, M., Ganeshkumar, R.S., Muthukumaran, V.R. and Visvanathan, P. (2012). Identification and evaluation of air-pollution tolerant plants around lignite-based thermal power station for greenbelt development. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(4):1210–1223
Iqbal, M.Z., Shafig, M., Qamar Zaidi, S. and Athar, M. (2015). Effect of automobile pollution on chlorophyll content of roadside urban trees. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 1(4): 283-296.
Joshi, N., Chauhan, A. and   Joshi, P.C. (2009). Impact of industrial air pollutants on some biochemical parameters and yield in wheat and mustard plants. Environmentalist, 29: 398-404
Joshi, P.C. and Swami, A. (2007). Physiological responses of some tree species under roadside automobile pollution stress around city of Haridwar, India. Environmentalist 27:365–374.
Joshi, P.C. and Swami, A. (2009). Air pollution induced changes in the photosynthetic pigments of selected plant species. J. Environ. Biol. 30:295-298.
Jyothi, J .S. and Jaya, D. S. (2010). Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of selected plant species along roadsides in Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala. Journal of Environment Biology 31: 379-386.
Katiyar, V. and Dubey, P.S. (2001). Sulphur dioxide sensitivity on two stages of leaf development in a few tropical tree species. Ind. J. Environ. Toxicol. 11:78-81.
Klumpp, G., Furlan, C.M. and Domingos, M. (2000).Response of stress indicators and growth parameters of Tibouchina pulchra Cogn exposed to air and soil pollution near the industrial complex of Cubatao, Brazil. Sci. Total Environ. 246:79–91.
Kour, B. and Raina, A.K. (2014). Assessment of air pollution tolerance levels of some plant species of Jammu. Environment Conservation Journal, 15(1/2): 89-93.
Kumar, M. and Nandini, N. (2013). Identification and Evaluation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Selected Avenue Tree Species of Urban Bangalore, India, Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Appl. Sci., 13: 388-390.
Kumari, J. and Deswal, S. (2017). Air pollution tolerance index: A comparative study. J Bas App Eng Res.4:128-133.
Liu, Y.J and Ding, H. (2008).Variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near a steel factory: implication for landscape –plant species, selection for industrial areas. Wseas Trans. Environ. Dev. 4:24-32.
Ninave, A.S. (2001). Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of selected Plants. www.jeb.co.in/. / paper_26. Pdf. Accessed 18/05/2021.
Panda, L.R.L. and Aggarwal, R.K. (2018).Assessment of air pollution tolerance index and anticipated performance index of plants growing alongside the roads in sub- temperate condition of Himachal Pradesh, India. Int J Cur Microbiol App Sci; 7: 79-93.
Pathak, V., Tripathi, B.D. and Mishra, V.K. (2011). Evaluation of anticipated performance index of some tree species for green belt development to mitigate traffic generated noise. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 10 (1): 61-66
Prabhat, K. R., Lalita L. S. P., Biku, M .C and Muni Singh, M (2013). Comparative assessment of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in the industrial (Rourkela) and non-industrial area (Aizawl) of India: An eco-management approach; African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7(10), pp. 944-948.
Rai, P.K. (2013). Environmental magnetic studies of particulates with special reference to biomagnetic monitoring using roadside plant leaves. Atmos. Environ., 72: 113-129
Shannigrahi, A.S., Fukushim, T. and Sharma, R.C (2004). Anticipated Air Pollution Tolerance of some plant species considered for green belt development in and around an industrial/urban area in India: An overview. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 61(2):125-137.
Singh, S.N. and Verma, A. (2007). Phytoremediation of Air Pollutants: A Review. In:  Environmental Bioremediation Technology, Singh, S.N. and R.D. Tripathi (Eds.). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp: 293-314.
Singh, S.K., Rao, D.N., Agrawal, M., Pandey, J. and Narayan, D. (1991). Air Pollution Tolerance index of plants. Journal of Environmental Management 32; 45-55.
Tanee, F. B. G., Albert, E.and Amadi, B. R. (2014). Biochemical properties and Air pollution tolerance indices of plants in Port Harcourt city, Nigeria British Journal of Applied Science and Technology 4(34): 4835-4845.
Tanee, F. B. G. and Albert, E. (2013). Air pollution tolerance indices of plants growing around Umuebulu Gas Flare Station in Rivers State, Nigeria; African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 7(1), pp. 1-8.
Tiwari, S., Agrawal, M. and Marshall, F.M. (2006). Evaluation of ambient air pollution impact on carrot plants at a sub urban site using open top Chambers. Environ. Monit. Assess. 119:15-30.
Tripathi, A.K. and Gautam, M. (2007). Biochemical parameters of plants as Indicators of air pollution. J. Environ. Biol. 28:127-132.
Wagh, N.D., Shukla, P.V., Tambe, S.B. and Ingle, S.T. (2006). Biological monitoring of roadside plants exposed to vehicular pollution in Jaigaon city. J Envir Biol; 27:419-42
Pollution
Volume 7, Issue 4
October 2021
Pages 885-893

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics